Have you dark spots on your face? Maybe you have melasma.
If you see in summer, on your face or on the arms some dark spots you may be suffering of melasma, in greek, melas meaning black.
Melasma is a blemish mainly of the face that causes dark spots, with variations from light brown to dark brown or variegated .
The most common sites are the cheeks, upper lips, chin and forehead, but other areas exposed to the sun can sometimes be affected.
Melasma affects mostly females, with brownish skin tone, but also does not spare the pale skins and men.
Often you see it increase at the beginning of summer , to decrease or even disappear during winter.
It is certain that in the majority of cases, every year the spots reappear, often darker and darker.
Exposure to sunlight is considered the most aggravating fact. The arrangement of the imperfection varies from one to several spots, symmetrically arranged, for example on both cheeks, or with the classic form of band that strikes the front or the upper lip.
The causes of melasma can be single or multiple, such as whether you are pregnant, if you have hormonal problems such as thyroid or ovarian dysfunction, if you use birth control pills, if you make a replacement therapy, you may have a genetic predisposition or make a wrong use of cosmetics.
In some cases, melasma regress spontaneously after you gave birth , to recur very often in a more stable due to the intake of birth control pills.
Unfortunately, the melasma is an unpredictable disease, which must be absolutely cured at his debut, although in autumn and winter seems to decrease.
The examination at the Wood’s lamp, practiced by dermatologists, it is essential, it allows you to diagnose the depth of the lesions, their severity o and then determine the most appropriate therapy.
Considering the above, I can tell that the treatment of melasma must be in the first place, the most possible targeted to avoid the causes.
If you are suffering from melasma you have to adapt to the fact that you absolutely must to avoid ultraviolet rays. Therefore, it is important the use of sunscreens, which had the specific task to absorb, deflect and reflect the rays of the sun, they shall be used throughout the year.
Today, thanks to new cosmetics technologies, you can use sunscreen with a high protection, with SPF, 30, 50 and 100, with no white effect on the skin, easy to apply, some having as constituents also substances with lightening effect.
The choice of the index of protection may vary according to season and geographical latitude where you live.
The most effective techniques to try to eliminate melasma, are based on the use of products with whitening effect.
Obviously you have to advise you with your dermatologist for the proper treatment and follow out the treatment to be performed in a medical clinic.
You can get excellent results with: 
- Creams containing a combination of tretinoin, kojic acid, phytic acid and azelaic acid to improve the melasma.
- Chemical peels that help to lighten the skin.
- Laser treatments for sever case.
- The micro needling associated with specific products.
All of these techniques can be combined to get the best results, but always remember to do not forget to use sunscreen to not make useless all your efforts and you will be able to get a glowing skin.
